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The spectral density of fluctuations in the audio power of many musical selections and of English speech varies approximately as 1/f (f is the frequency) down to a frequency of 5×10−4 Hz. This result implies that the audio-power fluctuations are correlated over all times in the same manner as ’’1/f noise’’ in electronic components. The frequency fluctuations of music also have a 1/f spectral density at frequencies down to the inverse of the length of the piece of music. The frequency fluctuations of English speech have a quite different behavior, with a single characteristic time of about 0.1 s, the average length of a syllable. The observations on music suggest that 1/f noise is a good choice for stochastic composition. Compositions in which the frequency and duration of each note were determined by 1/f noise sources sounded pleasing. Those generated by white-noise sources sounded too random, while those generated by 1/f2 noise sounded too correlated.
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Richard F. Voss
Florida Atlantic University
John Clarke
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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Voss et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1566f6b2e0231f15826f19 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.381721