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To construct a Chinese national-popular remains central to the agenda of China's transition to modernity. In the face of the crushing power of Western capitalist cultural hegemony in Maoist and post-Maoist China, both Mao and his successors, by dint of constructing a Chinese national-popular, endeavor to consolidate a cultural counterhegemony against capitalist globalization and to provide an alternative modernity imbued with local colors. Mao's sanctification of the peasant collective will as Chinese national-popular and the ambiguous 'concrete' culture politics adhered by the post-Mao leadership are both emblematic of the ever-going conflicts, compromises and negotiations between China and the West.
Anbin Shi (Tue,) studied this question.