Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Measurements are reported of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of externally shunted oxide-barrier tunnel junctions at temperatures T and critical currents I₂ such that the Josephson coupling energy (2e) I₂ is comparable to the thermal energy kT. The measurements are in complete quantitative agreement with the theory of Ambegaokar and Halperin in the limit that the dimensionless parameter ₂= (2e) (I₂C{^2}) 1, where C is the capacitance and the total conductance of the shunted junction. Measurements for larger values of ₂ are in qualitative agreement with the theory of Kurkij\"arvi and Ambegaokar. In addition, the Ambegaokar-Halperin theory is generalized to include the cos pair-quasiparticle interference term. It is concluded that a measurement of the cos term using only the I-V characteristic will be difficult.
Falco et al. (Sun,) studied this question.