Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Thomas L. Whisler, Harald Meyer, Bernard H. Baum, Peter F. Sorensen, Jr., Centralization of Organizational Control: An Empirical Study of Its Meaning and Measurement, The Journal of Business, Vol. 40, No. 1 (Jan., 1967), pp. 10-26
Whisler et al. (Sun,) studied this question.