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79 male and 16 female residents in anesthesiology at six training centers took the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and Strong Interest Inventory (SII) in Year 1 and were rated for performance two years later. Descriptively, the total sample scored highest on CPI scales for Dominance, Social Presence, and Achievement via Independence, and on SII scales for investigative, mathematical, and medical science interests. Scores from a four-scale CPI cluster of Empathy. Socialization, Achievement via Conformance, and Achievement via Independence correlated .39 with ratings for men and .31 with ratings for women. In another sample of 20 residents, the cluster score correlated .30 with ratings gathered three years after testing. These findings, consonant with prior research, suggest that attributes such as empathy, strong internalization of pronormative values, and the ability to work well within either structured or open settings are conducive to superior performance in the specialty.
Gough et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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