The p.A31P mutation in feline cMyBP-C significantly reduced its binding to cardiac actin by 85% compared to wild type, suggesting a dominant-negative mechanism for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
The p.A31P mutation in feline cMyBP-C causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by reducing the binding of the C0C1 domain to actin, likely destabilizing the sarcomere.
Effect estimate: 85% reduction
Absolute Event Rate: 0.24% vs 1.68%
p-value: p=0.001
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a myocardial disorder, with complications including heart failure, thromboemboli and sudden death. Human and feline HCM (fHCM) are clinically comparable, thus fHCM may serve as a spontaneous animal model. fHCM in Maine Coon (MC) cats is associated with the p.A31P mutation in the cMyBP-C protein. The mutation is located in the cMyBP-C C0-domain which is known to interact with actin. The presence and levels of the wild type and mutated protein in heart tissue from mutant and wild type MC cats were examined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry (MS). Quantitative yeast-2-hybrid (Y2H) protein-protein interaction analysis was used to assess the effect of the mutation on C0C1/actin interaction. The NMR-based structure of the C0 domain was used to calculate the energetic consequence of replacing alanine with a proline residue. In the homozygous MC cat, the mutated cMyBP-C protein was present, and cMyBPC-C levels were not reduced compared to that of the wild type cat. However, the interaction of actin with mutant cMyBP-C C0C1 was reduced compared to that of wild type. This may be because the substitution of the alanine with proline in position 31 was energetically highly unfavorable and resulted in only one hydrogen bond within the anti-parallel beta-strand compared to two hydrogen-bonds for alanine, possibly destabilizing the structure of the actin-interacting domain. The p.A31P mutation is present in cardiac tissue and the most likely pathogenic mechanism is interference with contractility by reducing binding of the C0C1 domain of cMyBP-C to actin.
Godiksen et al. (Tue,) conducted a other in Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (n=2). p.A31P mutation in cMyBP-C (mutant C0C1-31P) vs. Wild type cMyBP-C (C0C1-31A) was evaluated on Interaction with actin (beta-galactosidase production in Y2H assay) (85% reduction, p=0.001). The p.A31P mutation in feline cMyBP-C significantly reduced its binding to cardiac actin by 85% compared to wild type, suggesting a dominant-negative mechanism for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.