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Quantum correlations between two particles show nonclassical properties that can be used for providing secure transmission of information. We present a quantum cryptographic system in which users store particles in a transmission center, where their quantum states are preserved using quantum memories. Correlations between the particles stored by two users are created upon request by projecting their product state onto a fully entangled state. Our system allows for secure communication between any pair of users who have particles in the same center. Unlike other quantum cryptographic systems, it can work without quantum channels and it is suitable for building a quantum cryptographic network. We also present a modified system with many centers. 1996 The American Physical Society.
Biham et al. (Tue,) studied this question.