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Abstract Lyotropic liquid crystals given by binary systems have been known for a long time to investigators in the soap and detergent field, mainly by the work of McBain and his school.1, 2 The first analysis by X-ray diffraction of soap mesophases was done by Stauff3 and by Kiessig and Philippoff.4 Liquid crystals obtained with phospholipids in the presence of water were examined by X-ray analysis already in 1941 by Schmitt et al.5 More recently Luzzati et al.6 defined the structure of the different mesophases with more precision.
Small et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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