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Despite much research on human learning, little is known about cultural conceptions of learning. This study examined indigenous conceptions of learning in Chinese. Prototypical methods were employed to collect Chinese learning‐related terms. Cluster analysis yielded a hierarchical structure of this lexicon. Most items centered around the term meaning "heart and mind for wanting to learn," which emphasizes seeking knowledge as a lifelong orientation, diligence, endurance of hardship, steadfastness, and concentration. Such learning aims at achieving breadth and depth of knowledge, its application, the unity of knowing and morality, and contributions to society. Implications for theories and empirical research on learning are discussed.
Li Jin (Fri,) studied this question.