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In a vibrating reed opposite sides have dilations of opposite signs. Thus when one side is heated the other is cooled. At low frequencies the vibrations are isothermal. At high frequencies they are adiabatic. At intermediate frequencies they are of a hybrid type accompanied by internal friction. In this paper this internal friction is calculated solely from thermodynamical considerations. It is predicted that the internal friction associated with this hybrid type of vibration is of a larger order of magnitude than that due to all other causes.
Clarence Zener (Sun,) studied this question.