Airway abnormality was a strong predictor of unplanned postoperative admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (OR 16.2; 95% CI 2.65-99.6).
Case-Control (n=116)
No
What are the risk factors and outcomes associated with unplanned postoperative admission to the PICU in children?
Airway abnormalities, anesthetic factors, and intraoperative hypoxia are major risk factors for unplanned postoperative PICU admissions, highlighting areas for quality improvement.
Effect estimate: OR 16.2 (95% CI 2.65-99.6)
BACKGROUND: Although unplanned postoperative admission to PICUs (unplanned intensive care admission UIA) is uncommon, it might be associated with increased costs, morbidity, and mortality. However, detailed knowledge of risk factors and outcomes after UIA in children is still lacking. OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of UIA patients compared with non-UIA patients. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: A tertiary university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS: All postoperative children admitted to the PICU were monitored for UIA. About 28 cases and 88 controls were included. INTERVENTIONS: none. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall prevalence of UIA was 2.6%. About 28 patients (24.1%) of 116 had unplanned admission. Multiple logistic regression revealed that factors predicting UIA were airway abnormality (odds ratio 16.2, 95% confidence interval 2.65-99.6), anesthetic factors (odds ratio 5.8, 95% confidence interval 1.06-32.2), and hypoxia intraoperative (odds ratio 7.4, 95% confidence interval 1.21-46.24). Procedures on abdomen, emergency surgery, combined anesthesia, and occurrence of intraoperative adverse events were also risk factors for an UIA. Patients with UIA had longer duration of mechanical ventilation than non-UIA patients (4.5 vs. 2 days, p = 0.01), but there were no differences in length of PICU and hospital stays. Preventable adverse events were detected in 25% of UIA children. CONCLUSIONS: Airway abnormality, anesthetic factors, and hypoxia intraoperative were risk factors associated with UIA. Although preventable events contribute significantly to unplanned PICU admissions, they constitute a room of opportunity in quality improvement programs.
Silva et al. (2013) conducted a case-control in Unplanned postoperative admission to PICU (n=116). Airway abnormality (risk factor exposure) vs. Absence of airway abnormality was evaluated on Unplanned intensive care admission (UIA) (OR 16.2, 95% CI 2.65-99.6). Airway abnormality was a strong predictor of unplanned postoperative admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (OR 16.2; 95% CI 2.65-99.6).