Model for Calculating the Density of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

A new model for calculating the density of aqueous solutions of electrolytes has been developed. Parameters for 59 electrolytes were established on the basis of an extensive critical review of the published literature for solutions of one electrolyte in water, with over 10 700 points included. The average difference between the calculated and experimental density of solutions of water and one electrolyte is 0.10 kg m-3 with a standard deviation of 1.44 kg m-3. The model was validated by predicting the density of systems of two or more electrolytes in water. The average difference between experimental and calculated values for over 1600 points is 0.003 kg m-3 with a standard deviation of 1.39 kg m-3. The electrolytes studied are AlCl3, Al2(SO4)3, BaCl2, CaCl2, CdCl2, CdSO4, CoCl2, CoSO4, CrCl3, Cr2(SO4)3, CuCl2, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeSO4, FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3, HCl, HCN, HNO3, H3PO4, H2SO4, KCl, K2CO3, KNO3, KOH, K2SO4, LiCl, Li2SO4, MgCl2, MgSO4, MnCl2, MnSO4, NaBr, NaCl, NaClO3, Na2CO3, NaF, NaHCO3, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, NaHSO3, NaI, Na2MoO4, NaNO2, NaNO3, NaOH, Na3PO4, Na2SO3, Na2S2O3, Na2SO4, NH3, NH4Cl, NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, NiCl2, NiSO4, SrCl2, ZnCl2, and ZnSO4.