Moral Education, Habituation, and Divine Assistance in View of Ghazali

This article describes the concept of moral education and its foundation according to Abu Hamid Ghazali as one of the most influential scholars in the world of Islam. Ghazali equates moral education with habituation. Causality holds a prominent place in philosophical foundations of his theory of moral education. Even though Ghazali recommends educators to employ habituation to cultivate of virtues, he eventually maintains that there is no certain causal relation between moral education and habituation, and one must hope for God's assistance and relay on His Grace.