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SMITH, EVERETT L., JR., WILLIAM REDDAN, and PATRICIA E. SMITH. Physical activity and calcium modalities for bone mineral increase in aged women. Med. Sci, Sports Exercise, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 60–64, 1981. This study tested the hypothesis that physical activity and/or supplemental calcium (0.75 g/day) and vitamin D (400 IU) would effectively slow bone loss, and/or increase bone mineral content (BMC) in aged females (V = 81) over three years. In vivo BMC and width of the radius was determined by photon absorptiometry at two sites. Four groups were formed: a control, a drug, a physical activity, and a physical activity plus drug. A single tailed t-test was used to compare the slope of the linear regression of 10 data points collected on each subject. The BMC of the control group declined 3.29%, while the physical activity group and drug group demonstrated a 2.29% (p<.05) increase and a 1.58% (p<.07) increase respectively, during the study.
Smith et al. (Thu,) studied this question.