Focalization: Environmental focusing and source localization

Conventional matched-field processing (MFP) requires accurate knowledge of the ocean-acoustic environment. Focalization, which simultaneously focuses and localizes, eliminates this stringent requirement by including the environment in the parameter search space. This generalization of MFP involves defining an appropriate high-resolution cost function, parametrizing the search space of the environment and source, constructing solutions of the wave equation, and utilizing a nonlinear optimization method to search the parameter landscape for the global minimum of the cost function. Focalization is implemented using cost functions based on ray theory and wave theory, empirical orthogonal functions for the environmental description, and simulated annealing for optimization. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of focalization.