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The distinction between sex and gender suggests a need for reexamining research effects of sex-related variables on recruitment. Existing studies were classified according to the type of effect (sex vs. gender), subject population, and recruitment situation Sex seldom had any effects, whereas the effects of gender on recruiters' responses to applicants were inconsistent. Further research is needed to determine the conditions under which different explanations of the effects of gender apply and to examine them in noncampus field settings.
Gary N. Powell (Thu,) studied this question.