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The results of a survey of software development practice are reported and analyzed. The problems encountered in various phases of the software life cycle are measured and correlated with characteristics of the responding installations. The use and acceptance of the term "software engineer" is investigated, and the functions and background of persons identified as software engineers are reported. The usage of a wide variety of software engineerilng tools and methods is measured; conclusions are drawn concerning the usefulness of these techniques.
Beck et al. (Thu,) studied this question.