MMP inhibition prevents human lens epithelial cell migration and contraction of the lens capsule

PURPOSE: The development of posterior capsule contraction following cataract surgery is caused by the activity of residual lens epithelial cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of proteolytic enzymes, which are essential for cell migration and cell mediated contraction following wound healing. The authors investigated whether inhibiting MMP activity can reduce lens epithelial cell migration and as a result, lead to a reduction in cell mediated capsule contraction. METHODS: Human donor lens capsules were cultured and treated with a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor, Ilomastat (GM6001). MMP-2 and MMP-9 production were determined by ELISA. Cell migration onto the posterior capsule and capsule contraction were digitally measured. RESULTS: MMP inhibition significantly reduced lens epithelial cell migration onto the posterior capsule (p<0.05), and a reduction in capsule contraction was observed (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ilomastat significantly reduced lens epithelial cell migration onto the posterior capsule surface and inhibited capsule contraction. MMP inhibition may have a role in the therapeutic treatment of posterior capsule opacification.