The long-term effectiveness and clinical significance of three cost-effective training programs for families with conduct-problem children.

We evaluated the long-term effectiveness of three cost-effective parent training programs for conduct-problem children. One year posttreatment, 93.1% of families (94 mothers and 60 fathers) were assessed on the basis of teacher and parent reports and home observations. Results indicated that all the significant improvement reported immediately posttreatment were maintained one year later. Moreover, approximately two thirds of the entire sample showed "clinically significant" improvements. There were very few differences between the three treatment conditions except for the "consumer satisfaction" measure indicating that the treatment combining group discussion and video-tape modeling was superior to treatments without both components.