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(Ada mlik 1870). But it has only recently been possible to study the relation of single cell activity within this structure to both movement and vision. This cellular approach, along with new anatomical, physiological, and behavioral methods, has enabled the investigation of the machinery whereby the visual stimulus initiates motor movement. It is these advances that we concentrate on in this review. We emphasize the primate superior colliculus because most of the work relating to movement has been done in the rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta. At the same time we draw on work done on the cat and tree shrew to supplement areas as yet unexplored in the monkey, although many interesting facets of work on these and other species are not considered. Other recent reviews have considered many of these other aspects (Sprague et al 1970, Gordon 1975, Sprague 1972,
Wurtz et al. (Sat,) studied this question.