Consecutively smoking two cigarettes acutely reduced coronary flow reserve from 3.6 to 2.8 (P=0.008) and increased coronary vascular resistance index from 0.28 to 0.35 (P=0.012) in healthy smokers.
Observational (n=20)
Does acute smoking reduce coronary flow reserve and increase coronary vascular resistance in healthy volunteers?
Acute smoking immediately impairs coronary microvascular function, as evidenced by reduced coronary flow reserve and increased vascular resistance, even in young healthy individuals.
Absolute Event Rate: 2.8% vs 3.6%
p-value: p=0.008
BACKGROUND: Smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Coronary blood flow velocity (CFV) can be measured directly with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) which is conducted immediately after smoking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chronic and acute effects of smoking on coronary blood flow and coronary flow reserve (CFR) by the use of TTDE. METHODS: Healthy volunteers (11 smokers and 9 nonsmokers) with a mean age of 27 +/- 3 years were included. Smoking was abstained for at least 4 hours before the study. CFV was measured at the distal left anterior descending coronary artery by TTDE at baseline and during intravenous adenosine infusion (140 microg/kg per minute) in all participants. For smokers, CFV was measured immediately after consecutively smoking two cigarettes and during adenosine infusion. RESULTS: CFR and coronary vascular resistance index (CVRI) showed no significant difference between nonsmokers and smokers (CFR: 3.5 +/- 0.8 vs 3.6 +/- 0.6, P = ns, CVRI: 0.28 vs 0.28, P = ns) at baseline. CFR significantly decreased (3.6 +/- 0.6 to 2.8 +/- 0.7, P = 0.008) and CVRI markedly increased (0.28 to 0.35, P = 0.012) after smoking. CONCLUSION: After 4 hours of abstinence from smoking, CFR and CVRI in smokers were similar to those of nonsmokers. However, consecutively smoking two cigarettes acutely reduced CFR and increased CVRI. These findings suggested that smoking could reduce coronary blood flow immediately, even in healthy people.
Park et al. (Fri,) conducted a observational in Healthy volunteers (n=20). Smoking vs. Baseline (pre-smoking) and nonsmokers was evaluated on Coronary flow reserve (CFR) (p=0.008). Consecutively smoking two cigarettes acutely reduced coronary flow reserve from 3.6 to 2.8 (P=0.008) and increased coronary vascular resistance index from 0.28 to 0.35 (P=0.012) in healthy smokers.
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