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The differences between the undular jump and the undular surge are described. Further, the limit approach flow depth and the channel width are defined for undular jumps governed by the Froude similarity law. Based on previous and present observations, the main flow characteristics of undular jumps are established. These include surface characteristics along the axis and the walls of the rectangular channel. Also, generalized surface profiles are presented. Finally, the formation of shocks is physically explained as a breakdown of the supercritical approach flow.
Reinauer et al. (Fri,) studied this question.