Efficacy of Lifestyle Modification for Long‐Term Weight Control

Abstract A comprehensive program of lifestyle modification induces loss of ∼10% of initial weight in 16 to 26 weeks, as revealed by a review of recent randomized controlled trials, including the Diabetes Prevention Program. Long‐term weight control is facilitated by continued patient‐therapist contact, whether provided in person or by telephone, mail, or e‐mail. High levels of physical activity and the consumption of low‐calorie, portion‐controlled meals, including liquid meal replacements, can also help maintain weight loss. Additional studies are needed of the effects of macronutrient content (e.g., low‐fat vs. low‐carbohydrate diets) on long‐term changes in weight and health. Research also is needed on effective methods of providing comprehensive weight loss control to the millions of Americans who need it.