Fluctuation theorem for stochastic dynamics

The fluctuation theorem of Gallavotti and Cohen holds for finite systems undergoing Langevin dynamics. In such a context all non-trivial ergodic theory issues are The fluctuation theorem (FT) concerns the distribution of entropy production over long time intervals. It states that the ratio of the probabilites of having a given entropy production σt averaged over a (large) time interval to that of having −σt is e tσt. It was stated and proved in Refs. 1 (in what follows GC) for thermostated