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Application of the principles of chemical bonding to the problem of the structure of singlet carbenes CX2 leads to bent structures for X = F, OH, and NH2, and linear structures for X = Li, BeH, and BH2, in agreement with the ab initio calculations recently reported by Schoeller; these structures involve double bonds, with transfer of an electron from X to C for the first set and from C to X for the second, and the bond angle is determined by the availability of orbitals, not the electronegativity difference of C and X, which, however, helps to determine the stability of the carbene.
Linus Pauling (Tue,) studied this question.