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Sandage has shown that the luminosities of first-ranked E and SO galaxies vary remarkably little in going from sparse groups to rich clusters. We argue that it is possible to account for this effect on the statistical picture that, to a first rough approximation, galaxy luminosities are drawn at random from a universal distribution independent of whether the galaxies are in groups or in clusters. Subject headings: galaxies: clusters of - galaxies: formation - galaxies: photometry
Schechter et al. (Mon,) studied this question.