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We described the use of one porous polymeric aromatic framework ( PPAF ) with a 9,9′-spiro-bisfluorene unit as a support in heterogeneous catalysis. The material was functionalized with acid and base active sites and used as a bifunctional catalyst in a model cascade reaction. This catalyst was recycled up to eight times with only a small loss of activity.
Merino et al. (2013) studied this question.