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We present a 50-Gb/s silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator that uses the shortest 250-μm long phase shifter. A 4.2-dB extinction ratio was obtained at 50 Gb/s with 4.35 V peak-to-peak (V pp ) driving signals and 45-mW power consumption.
Akiyama et al. (Wed,) studied this question.