Standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Pressure-flow studies of voiding, urethral resistance, and urethral obstruction

The 1988 version of the collated reports on standardisation of terminology, which appeared in Neurourology and Urodynamics, vol. 7, pp. 403–427, contains material relevant to pressure flow studies in many different sections. This report is a revision and expansion of Sections 4. 2 and 4. 3 and parts of Sections 6. 2 and 7 of the 1988 report. It contains a recommendation for a provisional standard method for defining obstruction on the basis of pressure-flow data. 2. Evaluation of Micturition 2. 1. Pressure-Flow Studies present, the best method of analysing voiding function quantitatively is the pressure-flow study of micturition, with simultaneous recording of abdominal, intravesical and detrusor and flow rate (Fig. A. 1. 6. 1). inspection of the raw pressure and flow data before, during and at the end of micturition is essential, because it allows artefacts and untrustworthy data to be recognised and eliminated. More detailed analyses of pressure-flow relationships, described below, are advisable to aid diagnosis and to quantify data for research studies. flow pattern in a pressure-flow study should be representative of free flow studies in the same patient. It is important to eliminate artefacts and unrepresentative studies before applying more detailed analyses. -flow studies contain information about the behaviour of the urethra and the behaviour of the detrusor.