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Fast-Forward, abbreviated FF, was the most successful automatic planner in the AIPS-2000 planning systems competition. Like the well known HSP system, FF relies on forward search in the state space, guided by a heuristic that estimates goal distances by ignoring delete lists. It differs from HSP in a number of important details. This article describes the algorithmic techniques used in FF in comparison to HSP, and evaluates their benefits in terms of runtime and solution length behavior.
Jöerg Hoffmann (Sat,) studied this question.