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ABSTRACT New concepts to designing the miniaturized carved planar metamaterial antennas with special configurations for wide band FR, microwave, and wireless communication systems are presented. To realize the proposed antennas, composite right/left‐handed (RH/LH) transmission lines (TLs) as a general TLs possessing both LH) and RH natures are implemented by the standard manufacturing techniques, so the E‐shaped slits and the split ring resonator as spiral inductors perform the roles of the series LH capacitors (C L ) and shunt LH inductors (L L ), respectively, so that by optimizing these elements in their numbers and dimensions, the good operational performances of antennas can be achieved. The proposed antennas are constructed using two and three unit cells with E‐shaped layouts having overall dimensions of 0.017λ 0 × 0.006λ 0 × 0.001λ 0 and 0.028λ 0 × 0.008λ 0 × 0.001λ 0 , where λ 0 is free space wavelength at the operating frequencies of 500 and 650 MHz, respectively. The antennas cover the frequency bandwidths of 500 MHz–1.35 GHz (850 MHz) and 650 MHz–1.85 GHz (1.2 GHz), which correspond to 91.9% and 96.0% fractional bandwidths, respectively. Besides the small dimensions and wide bandwidth characteristics, the measured gains and efficiencies are 5.3 dBi and 85% at 1 GHz for the first antenna, and 5.7 dBi and 90% at 1.4 GHz for the second antenna. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2339–2344, 2015
Alibakhshikenari et al. (Wed,) studied this question.