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In many irrigation‐districts where the supplies of surface‐water from a stream nave been entirely appropriated, pumping from wells has been resorted to in order to supplement the surface‐supply. Where the pumps are near a stream that has a flow during the irrigation‐season, either because of normal ground‐water flow or because of return flow from surface‐water irrigation, the pumping is likely to diminish the stream‐flow. Conversely, diversions of water from a stream may diminish the supply of wells that were formerly supplied indirectly by seepage from the stream, but the problem involved is of a different nature than its converse and will not be discussed here.
C.V. Theis (Tue,) studied this question.