Exercise Training for Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease or Heart Failure

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in Canada, resulting in impaired aerobic capacity (VO2peak) that leads to a reduced ability to perform activities of daily living. We examine the mechanisms responsible for the decline in VO2peak found in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) or heart failure (HF). In addition, the role that exercise rehabilitation plays in attenuating the decline in VO2peak and strength is reviewed. Finally, we provide an exercise program that can be used by physiotherapists to improve the overall physical fitness of patients with CAD or HF. Summary of Key Points: Aerobic training and resistance training, as part of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program, have been shown to improve VO2peak, muscle strength, and quality of life while reducing mortality in individuals with CAD or HF. Physiotherapists should incorporate these effective interventions in the rehabilitation of individuals with CAD or HF. Recommendations: Individuals with CAD or HF should be encouraged to perform regular moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance training to improve their physical fitness and quality of life.