Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Platinum(IV) Carbamate Complexes

The synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of eight new platinum(IV) complexes having the general formula cis,cis,trans-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2)(O(2)CNHR)(2) are reported, where R = tert-butyl (4), cyclopentyl (5), cyclohexyl (6), phenyl (7), p-tolyl (8), p-anisole (9), 4-fluorophenyl (10), or 1-naphthyl (11). These compounds were synthesized by reacting organic isocyanates with the platinum(IV) complex cis,cis,trans-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2)(OH)(2). The electrochemistry of the compounds was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The aryl carbamate complexes 7-11 exhibit reduction peak potentials near -720 mV vs Ag/AgCl, whereas the alkyl carbamate complexes display reduction peak potentials between -820 and -850 mV vs Ag/AgCl. The cyclic voltammograms of cis,cis,trans-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2) (1), cis,cis,trans-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(2) (2), and cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(4) (3) were measured for comparison. Density functional theory studies were undertaken to investigate the electronic structures of 1-11 and to determine their adiabatic electron affinities. A linear correlation (R(2) = 0.887) between computed adiabatic electron affinities and measured reduction peak potentials was discovered. The biological activity of 4-11 and, for comparison, cisplatin was evaluated in human lung cancer A549 and normal MRC-5 cells by the MTT assay. The compounds exhibit comparable or slightly better activity than cisplatin against the A549 cells. In MRC-5 cells, all are equally or slightly less cytotoxic than cisplatin, except for 4 and 5, which are more toxic.