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The fluctuations of the envelope of returned signals from random ground clutter are theoretically analysed for the case of an airborne radar equipment. Fluctuations within a single range sweep as well as pulse-to-pulse fluctuations are considered. The optimum filter from the point of view of maximizing peak signal to r.m.s. clutter is derived. Fluctuations from pulse to pulse are calculated for a particular set of parameters and are shown to vary rather widely as a function of range and azimuth angle.
T.S. George (Tue,) studied this question.