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Gold is an excellent absorber of X-rays. If tumours could be loaded with gold, this would lead to a higher dose to the cancerous tissue compared with the dose received by normal tissue during a radiotherapy treatment. Calculations indicate that this dose enhancement can be significant, even 200% or greater. In this paper, the physical and biological parameters affecting this enhancement are discussed. Gold nanoparticles have shown therapeutic efficacy in animal trials and these results are reviewed. Some 86% long-term (>1 year) cures of EMT-6 mouse mammary subcutaneous tumours was achieved with an intravenous injection of gold nanoparticles before irradiation with 250-kVp photons, whereas only 20% were cured with radiation alone. The clinical potential of this approach is also discussed.
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James F. Hainfeld
F. Avraham Dilmanian
Daniel N. Slatkin
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Nanoprobes (United States)
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Hainfeld et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/6a15110944d936d7a8631eab — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.60.8.0005