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The structure of a single light-emitting diode (LED) chip for operation under high voltage alternating current (ac) conditions was proposed. The chip was designed and fabricated as an integrated circuit with several isolated LED structures grown on a single insulated sapphire substrate. The efficient blue LED chip for operation directly from 220-V ac power source has been designed, fabricated, and analyzed. The white ac operated LED (ACOLED) chip demonstrates a value of averaged luminous flux ~ 320 lm and luminous efficiency 80 lm/W under operation from 220-V ac source with 4 W of power consumption. The ladder type of circuit and the efficient ACOLED chip configuration results in proficient operation under ac conditions.
Onushkin et al. (2008) studied this question.