Stroke Risk After Transient Ischemic Attack in a Population-Based Setting

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke risk after transient ischemic attack (TIA) has not been examined in an ethnically diverse population-based community setting. The purpose of this study was to identify stroke risk among TIA patients in a population-based cerebrovascular disease surveillance project. METHODS: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) Project prospectively ascertains stroke and TIA cases in a geographically isolated Southeast Texas County. The community is approximately half Mexican American and half nonHispanic white. Cases are validated by board-certified neurologists using source documentation. Cumulative risk for stroke after TIA was determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to test for associations between stroke risk after TIA and demographics, symptoms, risk factors, and history of stroke/TIA. RESULTS: BASIC identified 612 TIA cases between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2002; 60.9% were female and 48.0% were Mexican American. Median age was 73.8 years. Stroke risk within 2 days, 7 days, 30 days, 90 days, and 12 months was 1.64%, 1.97%, 3.15%, 4.03%, and 7.27%, respectively. Stroke risk was not influenced by ethnicity, symptoms, or risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Using a population-based design, we found that early stroke risk after TIA was less than previously reported in this bi-ethnic population of Mexican Americans and nonHispanic whites. Approximately half of the 90-day stroke risk after TIA occurred within 2 days.