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Efficient without metal: Nitrogen-doped graphene foams with a nitrogen content up to 7.6 % have been prepared and used as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs; see picture). The doping with nitrogen leads to a power conversion efficiency of 7.07 %. This is one of the highest values reported for DSSCs with carbon-based metal-free counter electrodes.
Xue et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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