The roles of laminin and fibronectin in the development of the lens capsule

This study examines the distribution of laminin and fibronectin in the rat lens capsule during development. Both these extracellular matrix glycoproteins are localised in the interspace between presumptive lens and presumptive retina as well as in their basal laminae. The lens capsule arises from multilayering of the basal lamina of the lens cells. Immunofluorescence localises both laminin and fibronectin in the capsule at 16 days of embryonic development, although reactivity for fibronectin is much weaker than for laminin. In the 19 day embryo only laminin is detected. This indicates that during embryonic development fibronectin becomes a minor component of lens cell ECM and is not accumulated in the developing capsule. The roles of laminin and fibronectin in promoting cell migration during development were analysed in explant cultures. Lens epithelial explants from 16, 17 and 19 day old embryos and neonatal rats were grown on a laminin or fibronectin substratum. Lens cells from all ages of rats migrated on the laminin substratum, whereas lens cells progressively lost the ability to migrate on a fibronectin substratum as the age of the donor increased. This developmental loss of ability to migrate on fibronectin in vitro coincides with the developmental loss of fibronectin from the lens capsule in vivo. Therefore, we propose that whilst both laminin and fibronectin may be important for promoting migration of lens cells on their substratum at early stages of lens morphogenesis, during development laminin takes over as the key molecule that promotes migration on the capsule.