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One of the reasons for the limitation of bandwidth in current generation wireless networks is the spectrum policy of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). But, with the spectrum policy reform, open spectrum wireless networks, and spectrum agile radios are set to drive next general wireless networks. In this paper, we investigate continuous-time Markov models for dynamic spectrum access in open spectrum wireless networks. Both queueing and no queueing cases are considered. Analytical results are derived based on the Markov models. A random access protocol is proposed that is shown to achieve airtime fairness. A distributed version of this protocol that uses only local information is also proposed based on homo egualis anthropological model. Inequality aversion by the radio systems to achieve fairness is captured by this model. These protocols are then extended to spectrum agile radios. Extensive simulation results are presented to compare the performances of fixed versus agile radios.
Xing et al. (Wed,) studied this question.