Diversifying the Internet

The Internet has fallen victim to its own stunning success. The interplay of the end-to-end design of IP and the vested interests of competing stakeholders has led to its growing ossification. Alterations to the Internet architecture that address its fundamental deficiencies or enable new services have been restricted to incremental changes. The slow pace of this process stifles innovation and the adoption of disruptive technology. A recent call to arms advances a research agenda to confront this impasse through virtualization (L. Peterson et al., 2004). In addition to describing a virtual testbed for the evaluation of new network architectures, it poses a question about the long-term role of virtualization in the Internet. The architectural "purist" views virtualization as a tool for architecture evaluation and the periodic deployment of successive, singular Internet architectures. In this paper, we advance the "pluralist" view that seeks to make virtualization an architectural attribute of the Internet. By enabling a plurality of diverse network architectures to coexist on a shared physical substrate, virtualization mitigates the ossifying forces at work in the current Internet and enables continual introduction of innovative network technologies. Such a diversified Internet would allow existing architectural deficiencies to be holistically addressed as well as enable the introduction of new architectures supporting new types of applications and services. We provide a detailed exposition of the diversified Internet concept, explain how it can address the problem of network ossification and discuss some of the technical challenges that must be met to turn the vision into reality