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Abstract Relatively simple instruments for measuring the heat flux into or out of the soil are described together with methods of calibration. One form consists of a suitable metal disc of sandwich construction producing a thermal e.m.f. proportional to the heat flux through the disc, which is placed in the soil just below the surface. Details are also given of another form of flux plate which is suitable for continuous recording using a thread recording galvanometer.
E. L. Deacon (Sun,) studied this question.