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A new polarization detection method using focusing grating couplers was proposed and demonstrated. Mode dispersion of a waveguide and high selectivity of the coupling condition of the grating is utilized for detecting the polarization state of a beam in the air. The crosstalk depends on the grating aperture and the index difference between TE and TM modes in the waveguide. A high performance device was designed and fabricated, and the function was experimentally confirmed by using a laser diode of 0.83 mu m wavelength.>
Ura et al. (1988) studied this question.