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E-government is now at a stage where effective and secure online transaction services have to be provided, yet initial security is primarily technical. Many technical concepts and tools have been developed in the scope of e-commerce. Applying these to the scope of e-government needs careful investigations. Security aspects do not, however, only concern technical aspects. The particular security needs of e-government must also be established from a non-technical viewpoint, and differentiated from the scope of e-commerce. This presents a unique challenge regarding processes, judicial factors and strategies. In this contribution, we suggest a holistic concept that integrates security aspects from the strategic level down to the data and information level in order to address different security aspects in a comprehensive way.
Wimmer et al. (Wed,) studied this question.