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An algorithm is proposed that creates mutual exclusion in a computer network whose nodes communicate only by messages and do not share memory. The algorithm sends only 2*(N -1) messages, where N is the number of nodes in the network per critical section invocation. This number of messages is at a minimum if parallel, distributed, symmetric control is used; hence, the algorithm is optimal in this respect. The time needed to achieve mutual exclusion is also minimal under some general assumptions.
Ricart et al. (Thu,) studied this question.