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A major source of bias in hypertension trials can arise from patients who are withdrawn during the course of the trial because of inadequate blood pressure control. We develop a mechanism which allows for such withdrawals while preserving the potential to make an unbiased comparison of the treatment effects. The approach is illustrated using data from a large multicentre trial of two anti-hypertensive agents in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Lewis et al. (Sun,) studied this question.