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Differential equations are derived for forced mode locking of a homogeneously broadened laser in the frequency domain and time domain. Simple methods are presented for the analysis of pulse shapes for other than sinusoidal modulation. The higher order Hermite-Gaussian solutions of the synchronous sinusoidal modulation are shown to be unstable and hence unrealizable in the steady state.
H. A. Haus (Tue,) studied this question.