Treatment of Life‐threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias by a Combination of Antiarrhythmic Drugs and Right Ventricular Pacing

Thirteen patients with intractable ventricular arrhythmias were studied; they underwent long-term treatment by a combination of antiarrhythmic drugs and ventricular pacing. Eleven patients had a history of tachycardia and two had torsade de pointes; eleven of thirteen had had cardioversion and/or defibrillation. Prior to permanent pacemaker implantation, temporary pacing in the VVI mode was used in combination with one or more of the following drugs: amiodarone, aprindine, digitalis, metoprolol, mexiletine, procainamide, pindolol, propranolol, or quinidine. Various pacing rates were tried; when permanent pacing was instituted, a unipolar system which was at least rate-programmable was used. Right ventricular VVI pacing, combined with drug therapy, was successful in ten of thirteen patients. Five of the ten patients are alive and free of arrhythmias after 78, 72, 72, 54, and 11 months, respectively. Although five patients died (after 60, 48, 30, 24, and 9 months, respectively), none of the deaths were related to arrhythmias. We suggest that in patients with ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional treatment, a therapeutic trial of right ventricular VVI pacing in combination with a drug regimen be used.