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Based on biomechanics several operational principles for the neutralization of a shoulder subluxation are described. The pros and cons of the operational principles are discussed. A detailed analysis of the forces acting on the upper and lower arm indicates a preference for only one of the operational principles and explains why the arm sling and hemisling fail in the elimination of subluxation. With the operational principle selected a shoulder orthosis has been developed. Clinical results are given.
J.C. Cool (Tue,) studied this question.